The Cyrus Cylinder: The King of Persia's Proclamation from Ancient Babylon. Xenophon's Cyrus the Great: The Arts of Leadership and War. [31] The Captivity of the Jews: And Their Return from Babylon. 44 percent of the world population, lived under its rule. But about 150 years after Cyrus’s death, Xenophon, a Greek admirer, wrote a book about leadership entitled Cyropaedia, which extols Cyrus as an example of the ideal ruler. Whenever you're in conflict with someone, there is one factor that can make the difference between damaging your relationship and deepening it. “Whenever you can, act as a liberator. - Deborah Tannen (1945-present), linguist and author, You Just Don't Understand, 1990. I can imagine nothing more terrifying than an Eternity filled with men who were all the same. Forbes, Steve, and John Prevas. cit. The decision also struck down similar legislation in 15 other states. It is a worthy thing to fight for one's freedom; it is another sight finer to fight for another man's. [25] Boardman, John. «اهمیت و نقش آزادیهای مذهبی در موفقیت سیاسی کوروش کبیر»، بی بی سی فارسی، 27 اوت 2013. http://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/iran/2013/08/130827_l93_cyrus_book, «نیل مک گرگور: 2600 سال تاریخ در یک شی»، تد، ژوئیه 2011، http://www.ted.com/talks/neil_macgregor_2600_years_of_history_in_one_object?language=fa. Lastly, the Cylinder grants permission to those who were transferred to Babylon as prisoners of war to return to their homeland. Brill, 1989. I have a lot to learn from other people. British Museum Website. "Native American religion." 3, 13, 14, 17, vi. The former king of Babylon had enslaved many peoples and suppressed their religious beliefs and practices, but Cyrus liberated them and allowed them to return to their homes. [4], One of the most important events that happened during the reign of Cyrus was his defeat of the Babylonian king Nabonidus and subsequent conquest of Babylon. McLean, VA: IndyPublish.com, 2002. The test of faith is whether I can make space for difference. If we are not prepared to defend a tolerant society against the onslaught of the intolerant, then the tolerant will be destroyed, and tolerance with them. Those Muslims later returned the favor by gathering protectively around praying Christians. [40] Aharoni, Yohanan. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, part of the country's constitution, forbids discrimination by the state on religious grounds and guarantees the fundamental right of freedom of conscience and religion. Finkel, Irving. with Cyrus securing a final victory over his foe and becoming the King of Persia. I have no animosity towards anyone. Xenophon's Cyrus the Great: The Arts of Leadership and War. The Cyrus Cylinder follows a tradition that existed in Mesopotamia since before the time of Cyrus's conquest of Babylon. 222. : II Chron.
The Land of the Bible: A Historical Geography. It is the enemy who can truly teach us to practice the virtues of compassion and tolerance. First, it gave Cyrus control of strategic trade routes in the region. He is remembered as a benevolent ruler for the ways he dealt with the Babylonian and Jewish peoples. This right shall include freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice, and freedom, either individually or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in worship, observance, practice and teaching. Print. - Karl Popper (1902-1994), Austrian-British philosopher, Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge, 1963. Similarly, Darius the Great used religion as a political tool to consolidate his imperial power. 43. One Iranian Facebook user posted a picture in response that proclaimed: “Dear Israeli Friends and World! As the Soviet Army withdrew in 1988-89 and the country collapsed into bitter civil war, National Museum of Afghanistan curator Omara Khan Massoudi worked to save some artifacts from pillagers.
2.7. Although branded as the transcript of a Jewish plot masterminding world domination, a large portion of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion is copied directly from a political satire by French writer Maurice Joly. Under this tradition, kings began their reign with declarations of reform. Print. Prominent leaders such as Alexander the Great, Thomas Jefferson, and Benjamin Franklin drew inspiration from Cyrus's story as recounted in the “Cyropaedia.”[50] Cambyses II, son of Cyrus the Great, followed his father’s example after gaining power and respected local gods, most notably after his conquest of Egypt. Meanwhile, Nabonidus, who had concealed himself, was captured, but treated honourably; and when his wife died, Cambyses II, the son of Cyrus, conducted the funeral. Internet. In 1935, the infamous “Protocols of the Elders of Zion” were branded a forgery by a Swiss court. In Canada, freedom of religion is strongly protected at the national, provincial, and local levels. http://cyruscylinder2013.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/FEZANA_Journal_2013_Summer.pdf, [50] Chiacu, Doina.
[19] “Translation of the text on the Cyrus Cylinder”. [44] In addition to the return of the Jews to Judea and the reconstruction of their Temple, the Cylinder also initiated the reconstruction of Babylonian temples, the return of local gods to their sanctuaries, and the removal of gods imposed on local populations from outside from local sanctuaries.
Moreover, he showed his interest in the project by sending back with them the sacred vessels which had been taken from the temple and a considerable sum of money to buy building materials with. “I hope that one day there will come a time,” the judge concluded, “when no one will any longer comprehend how in the year 1935 almost a dozen fully sensible and reasonable men could for fourteen days torment their brains before a court of Berne over the authenticity or lack of authenticity of these so-called Protocols…that for all the harm they have already caused and may yet cause, are nothing but ridiculous nonsense.” Sadly, the Protocols are still in circulation today, and are held up as "proof" for anti-Semitic theories.
Zoroastrians, Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. Persia was comprised of many nomadic cultures and languages and record-keeping was not a priority. 11 Mar. Anger and intolerance are the twin enemies of correct understanding. It was also the most diverse and pluralistic empire in the world at the time, unifying different nations, tribes, languages, cultures and religions.
[27] “Translation of the text on the Cyrus Cylinder”. Tolerance is the positive and cordial effort to understand another’s beliefs, practices, and habits without necessarily sharing or accepting them. One (such) way he followed.”[22], Cyrus also features prominently in various historical texts. Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 10: Persia, Greece and the Western Mediterranean, C. 525 to 479 B.C. We call upon all communities to be tolerant, to reject prejudice based on caste, creed, sect, colour, religion or agenda to ensure freedom and equality for women so they can flourish. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2002. - Malala Yousafzai (1997-present), Pakistani activist for female education and Nobel Prize laureate, October 10, 2013. However, some concerned Afghans have acted to preserve the country's heritage. 2014. http://dare.ubvu.vu.nl/bitstream/handle/1871/50835/Stolper_FS_22_VdSpek_Cyrus.pdf?sequence=1, «اسرائیل: آشنایی با «حضرت کوروش منجی یهودیان»»، ایرانوایر، 29 سپتامبر 2013. http://iranwire.com/blogs/6264/2867/, «چرا کوروش کبير ذوالقرنين است؟»، عصر ایران، 25 فروردین 1390. http://bit.ly/1wBpTmF, «سرگذشت یهودیان ایران – نمایشگاهی در تل آویو»، دویچه وله فارسی، 20 ژانویه 2011. http://dw.de/p/QtJX, ترهون، لیا، «جفرسن و دموکراسی ایالات متحده از فرمانروای ایران باستان تأثیر پذیرفتند»، IIP Digital ، وزارت امورخارجه ایالات متحده، 13 مارس 2013. http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/persian/article/2013/03/20130313144082.html#axzz3Q2c9FZIE, "Cyrus Cylinder." Using an array of educational materials in Arabic, Persian, and English, The Tolerance Project emphasizes the capacity of each and every individual to counter hate, and imparts the benefits of living in tolerant, open societies. xliv. “We don't have a religion”, some Native Americans insist, “we have a way of life.”. The Qur’an describes Dhul-Qarnayn as a just and divinely-chosen ruler: “Verily We established his power on earth, and We gave him the ways and the means to all ends. You’ve probably never heard of Cyrus the Great, but if you admire and enjoy freedom of religion, freedom from slavery, and a country that includes people of all different faiths, races and cultures, you may owe him your thanks. I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. The moment it degenerates into rules, it ceases to be a religion, as it kills responsibility which is an essence of the true religious act. Initial text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, 1897 and Schaff-Herzog Encyc of Religion. وحید مازندرانی، تهران: مرکز انتشارات علمی و فرهنگی، 1362، صص 103-97. 42. 44: 28 – 45: 1. http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Isaiah, [21] «چرا کوروش کبير ذوالقرنين است؟»، عصر ایران، 25 فروردین 1390. http://bit.ly/1wBpTmF. [29] Pasachoff, Naomi E., and Robert J. Littman. I believe in God who made of one blood all races that dwell on earth. Oxford, U.K.: Osprey, 2007. - Baruch de Spinoza (1632-1677), Dutch philosopher, Tractatus Theologico-Politicus, 1670. Joly’s protagonist warns, “Like the God Vishnu, my press will have a hundred arms and these arms will give their hands to all the different shades of opinion throughout the country." Cyrus the Great. 1; Dan. - Nelson Mandela (1918-2013), South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and first black president of South Africa, June 27, 1990. New York: Truman Talley /Saint Martin's, 2006. Slatyer, William. [1] Xenophon, and Larry Hedrick. https://www.tribunezamaneh.com/archives/24942. New York: Crown Business, 2009. “Some Notes on the Characterization of Cyrus the Great in Jewish and Judeo-Persian Writings”. para. "Uncle Tom's Cabin." Afghanistan was once rich with pre-Islamic artifacts, but the Taliban and other marauding groups have destroyed many of these beautiful relics in the brutal struggles that have gripped the country. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1979. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1988. The shooting down of Rwandan President Habyarimana’s plane over Kigali in April 1994 provided a spark that set already high ethnic tensions alight. Print.
- Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), Author of the Declaration of Independence and Third President of the United States,Letter to Archibald Stuart, Philadelphia, December 23, 1791. Reuters. With a Christian president elected by a roughly 70% Muslim nation, both groups pray alongside each other with conversions and intermarriage commonplace. From the saintly and single-minded idealist to the fanatic is often but a step. Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. “Ancient Persian Ruler Influenced Thomas Jefferson, U.S. Democracy”. It is essential for human survival. This persecution severely intensified after the Islamic Revolution in 1979, and continues to this day.
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