He was also appointed as a major general of the Tennessee militia. ___. [86] In an undelivered speech, Houston wrote: Fellow-Citizens, in the name of your rights and liberties, which I believe have been trampled upon, I refuse to take this oath.
[55] Houston appointed Anson Jones as secretary of state, Asa Brigham as secretary of the treasury, George Washington Hockley as secretary of war, and George Whitfield Terrell as attorney general. The 1852 Democratic National Convention ultimately nominated Franklin Pierce, a compromise nominee, who went on to win the election. [citation needed], After the war, disputes over the extension of slavery into the territories raised sectional tensions. A Brave Soldier. She and Houston first met when she was ten years old, and he was stunned to see how beautiful she was when he returned to her village years later. [44][b] Houston sought normalized relations with Mexico, and despite some resistance from the legislature, arranged the release of Santa Anna.
He owned the horse until its death in 1860. The act also repealed the Missouri Compromise, an act that had banned slavery in territories north of parallel 36°30′ north. At this time, Tennessee was on the American frontier, and even larger towns like Nashville were vigilant against Native American raids. The sacrament was held in the living room of the Adolphus Sterne House in Nacogdoches, Texas. As a member of the U.S. Army, Houston was wounded in the War of 1812 (catching the eye of Andrew Jackson, who became a lifelong friend). The marriage quickly fell apart possibly because Eliza loved another man. After declining to accompany Houston to Texas in 1832, Tiana later remarried. He lived among the Cherokee Indians, then moved to Texas in 1832; when Texas declared independence from Mexico in 1836, he was made Major General of the Army of Texas. Seeking to intimidate Texan forces into surrender, the Mexican army killed every defender at the Alamo; news of the defeat outraged many Texans and caused desertions in Houston's ranks. Houston disliked farming and working in the family store, and at the age of 16, he left his family to live with a Cherokee tribe led by Ahuludegi (also spelled Oolooteka). The convention confirmed Houston's command of the Texian Army and dispatched him to lead a relief of Travis's force, but the Alamo fell before Houston could organize his forces at Gonzales, Texas. [76], Houston sought the presidential nomination at the Know Nothing party's 1856 national convention, but the party nominated former President Millard Fillmore. All rights reserved. [70], In 1854, Senator Stephen A. Douglas led the passage of the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which organized Kansas Territory and Nebraska Territory. [59] The Tyler administration made the annexation of Texas its chief foreign policy priority, and in April 1844, Texas and the United States signed an annexation treaty. Sam Houston Biography.
Master's thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. "Into the Fray: Sam Houston's Utah War". "Sam Houston and the Utah War. [26] In late 1829, the Cherokee accorded Houston tribal membership and dispatched him to Washington to negotiate several issues. In mid-1832, Houston's friends, William H. Wharton and John Austin Wharton, wrote to convince him to travel to the Mexican possession of Texas, where unrest among the American settlers was growing. Houston strongly supported statehood, and he chaired a committee that drew a proposed state constitution. He later voted against the Kansas–Nebraska Act because he believed it would lead to increased sectional tensions over slavery, and his opposition to that act led him to leave the Democratic Party.
[83] In late 1860, Houston campaigned across his home state, calling on Texans to resist those who advocated for secession if Republican nominee Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 election.[84]. In the name of the nationality of Texas, which has been betrayed by the Convention, I refuse to take this oath. He was the fifth born son, and the fifth born child of nine children born to the couple.
[43] During the presidential election, the voters of Texas overwhelmingly indicated their desire for Texas to be annexed by the United States. Houston initially supported Polk's prosecution of the war, but differences between the two men emerged in 1847. [33] In October 1835, the Texas Revolution broke out with the Battle of Gonzales, a skirmish between Texan forces and the Mexican Army.
He also perceived that it would lead to increased sectional tensions over slavery. She died in 1838 of pneumonia.
With a modern and mobile-friendly design, the new Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress website features an updated view of Member information and search functionality. [citation needed], Victory in the Battle of San Jacinto made Houston a hero to many Texans, and he won the 1836 Texas presidential election, defeating Stephen F. Austin and former governor Henry Smith. After Lincoln won the November 1860 presidential election, several Southern states seceded from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. He strongly supported Jackson's presidential candidacies, and in 1827, Houston was elected as the governor of Tennessee.
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