This lists the logos of programs or partners of NG Education which have provided or contributed the content on this page. First proper observation of other galaxies which are termed "whirlpool nebulae". February 20 - The core section of the Space Station Mir was launched. The mission is to confirm the presence or absence of ice on the moon. First Venus soil samples and sound recording of another world. Leveled by. May 25 - NASAs Phoenix Mars Lander landed safely and began sending images home after a 10-month, 422 million-mile journey. All content on this site is Copyright © 1998 - 2016 by Sea and Sky. If you have questions about licensing content on this page, please contact ngimagecollection@natgeo.com for more information and to obtain a license. January 28 - The Space Shuttle Challenger exploded seconds after liftoff. During the 1970s, NASA also carried out Project Viking in which two probes landed on Mars, took numerous photographs, examined the chemistry of the Martian surface environment, and tested the Martian dirt (called regolith) for the presence of microorganisms.Since the Apollo lunar program ended in 1972, human space exploration has been limited to low-Earth orbit, where many countries participate and conduct research on the International Space Station. It was the first non-government organization to accomplish this. also called the Van Allen radiation belts, these are concentrations of charged particles from space that are trapped by Earth’s magnetic field. August 10 - The Magellan spacecraft began mapping the surface of Venus using radar equipment. First food grown in space eaten (lettuce). October - Kathryn Sullivan became the first American woman to walk in space. planet outside the solar system, orbiting a star other than the sun. April 12 th 1961 – The USSR launches the first human into space - Yuri Gagarin. First orbiting of an asteroid (433 Eros) – by NASA. This is a timeline of space exploration including notable achievements and first accomplishments or major events in humanity's exploration of outer space. November 13 - The Mariner 9 probe became the first craft to orbit another world - Mars. The satellite was sent aloft from Cape Canaveral in Florida by the Jupiter C rocket that was designed, built, and launched by the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA) under the direction of Dr. Wernher Von Braun. January-March 1961, January 14 - The NASA space probe Messenger skimmed 124 miles above Mercury. In recent years, probes have made a range of discoveries, including that a moon of Jupiter, called Europa, and a moon of Saturn, called Enceladus, have oceans under their surface ice that scientists think may harbor life. December 15 - The Soviet Venera 7 became the first probe to land on Venus. December 8 - A private company named SpaceX launched a spacecraft into orbit and returned it to earth safely. First to parachute in Venus's atmosphere, lost contact before landing. August 19 - The Soviet craft Sputnik 5 was launched, carrying the dogs Strelka and Belka. 3 November Sputnik 2 carries the dog Laika, who becomes the first living animal to travel into space. broken up rocky material and dust that is layered on top of bedrock on a celestial body, such as Earth, the Moon, Mars, some asteroids, other moons, and other rocky planets. Working for the U.S. Army at the Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama, the German rocket engineers were led by Wernher von Braun and had developed the German V2 rocket into a more powerful rocket, called the Jupiter C, or Juno. First space telescope designated to search for Earth-like exoplanets – by NASA. They became the first living beings to survive a trip into space. 1960. person who takes part in space flights. August 6 - NASA's Curiosity rover successfully landed on Mars. The U.S.S.R. also achieved the first spacewalk and launched the Vostok 6 mission, which made Valentina Tereshkova the first woman to travel to space.During the 1960s, NASA made progress toward President Kennedy’s goal of landing a human on the moon with a program called Project Gemini, in which astronauts tested technology needed for future flights to the moon, and tested their own ability to endure many days in spaceflight. Time Line of Space Exploration. 1950-1954, If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer. Less than four months after Gagarin’s flight in 1961, a second Soviet human mission orbited a cosmonaut around Earth for a full day. December - The Galileo probe began transmitting data on Jupiter. September 7 - NASA launched the unmanned LADEE spacecraft from NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. September 12 - The Soviet craft Luna 16 was launched and became the first automatic spacecraft to return soil samples of the moon. June 19 - Sally Ride became the first American woman in space on Challengers second mission. Science & Technology Notes for UPSC IAS Prelims. November 17 - The Soviet automatic robot Lunokhod 1 landed on the moon with Luna 17. This was followed by NASA’s Skylab space station, the first orbital laboratory in which astronauts and scientists studied Earth and the effects of spaceflight on the human body. The Space Shuttle program made space travel more routine. The United States made two failed attempts to launch a satellite into space before succeeding with a rocket that carried a satellite called Explorer on January 31, 1958. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. To search this site, type your search word(s) in the The team that achieved this first U.S. satellite launch consisted largely of German rocket engineers who had once developed ballistic missiles for Nazi Germany. First telescopic observation of the night sky: discovery of Jupiter's moons, lunar craters and the phases of Venus. August 30 - The third Space Shuttle, Discovery, was launched. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. On November 13, 2009, NASA scientists announced the discovery of a "significant amount" of ice in a crater near the moons South Pole. 1973 - The Pioneer 10 became the first space craft to flyby the planet Jupiter. First intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) developed. February 1 - The Space Shuttle Columbia broke up on re-entry into the Earths atmosphere. Laika did not survive the voyage. This vehicle is a suborbital plane designed to take private citizens on suborbital space flights. 1-86-NARA-NARA or 1-866-272-6272, Reference at Your Desk -- Archives Library Information Center, Biography and Genealogy Master Index (BGMI), Finding Aids for Records on Space Exploration, Timeline of NASA, the Space Shuttle and Near Earth Space Flights, How to File a FOIA Request for Archival Records. Margot Willis, National Geographic Society. object that orbits around something else. Content from this Website may not be used in any form without written permission from the site owner. Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. First Record longest duration spaceflight (i.e. Scientists later reported that Phoenix discovered chunks of ice. October 3 - Atlantis, the fourth Space Shuttle, was launched. First human on the Moon, and first space launch from a celestial body other than the Earth, First soft landing on another planet (Venus), First to maintain orbit around another planet (, First human made object sent on escape trajectory away from the Sun, First mission to enter the asteroid belt and leave inner Solar System, First successful photos from the surface of another planet (Venus), First successful photos and soil samples from the surface of Mars, First real time remotely operated ultraviolet orbital observatory, First extended (multi-year) orbital exploration of, Saturn flyby (closest approach 124,000 kilometers), close encounter of, First Venus soil samples and sound recording of another world. September - The American probe Viking 2 discovered water frost on the Martian surface. 1958. First orbital solar observatory (by NASA). SpaceX’s Crew Dragon is just one example. May 25 - President Kennedy challenged the country to put a man on the moon by the end of the decade. October 11 - President Barack Obama signed legislation focusing NASAs efforts on exploring Mars and the asteroids. February 2 - Eileen Collins became the first female Shuttle pilot. Soon, mankind would use these machines to walk on the surface of another world. First man-made probe to make a planned and soft landing on a comet. After reaching space, Sputnik orbited Earth once every 96 minutes. Исследование мировых пространств реактивными приборами, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Society for Studies of Interplanetary Travel, First photograph of the whole Solar System, Discovery and exploration of the Solar System, Timeline of artificial satellites and space probes, "Chronology: Cowboys to V-2s to the Space Shuttle to lasers", "NASA launches Kepler Mission: Search for Earth-like worlds", "European Space Agency's Spacecraft Lands on Comet's Surface", "Meals Ready to Eat: Expedition 44 Crew Members Sample Leafy Greens Grown on Space Station", "Ultima Thule: Clearest image yet of 'snowman' space rock released by NASA", "Far side of the moon: China's Chang'e 4 probe makes historic touchdown", "SpaceX Speeding Astronauts to Space Station in Landmark Trip", Chronology: Moon Race at russianspaceweb.com, R-7 (including Semyorka, Molniya, Vostok, Voskhod and Soyuz), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_space_exploration&oldid=982372207, Articles needing additional references from April 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing Russian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. A little more than three weeks later, NASA launched astronaut Alan Shepard into space, not on an orbital flight, but on a suborbital trajectory—a flight that goes into space but does not go all the way around Earth. In this section of Sea and Sky, you can explore the major milestones that led to the development of our manned space programs and learn about the history of space exploration. It was designed and built by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) of the California Institute of Technology. The renaissance brought many new advances like the telescope which made more precise astronomical observations possible. Here is a timeline of space exploration 1957. During the time that has passed since the launching of the first artificial satellite in 1957, astronauts have traveled to the moon, probes have explored the solar system, and instruments in space have discovered thousands of planets around other stars. During the 1960s and 1970s, NASA also launched a series of space probes called Mariner, which studied Venus, Mars, and Mercury.Space stations marked the next phase of space exploration. 1668 - Isaac Newton invented the first reflecting telescope. Morgan was the first teacher in space since the Challenger disaster in 1986. April-June 1961, But the real advances came in the twentieth century. You cannot download interactives. December 24 - NASA astronauts wrapped up successful repairs at the International Space Station after a rare Christmas Eve spacewalk to fix an equipment cooling system. First woman in space (Valentina Tereshkova). Early experiments with rockets eventually led to the first satellites and the first manned space missions. Humans have set foot on the moon, successfully landed rovers on Mars, and even photographed other galaxies. JPL's Space Calendar - This Month in Space History ; Chronology of Mars Exploration ; NASA Missions Timeline ; This Month in Exploration; A Timeline for Gamma-Ray Astronomy Including Related Discoveries; Deep Space Chronicle: A … What is the SpaceX Crew Dragon? Monograph in Aerospace History, No. Create a clean and professional home studio setup; Sept. 10, 2020. Click here for a list of credits and sources. First photograph of the whole Solar System (by NASA).
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