The notion of "Europe" and the "Western World" has been intimately connected with the concept of "Christianity and Christendom"; many even attribute Christianity for being the link that created a unified European identity. The geology of Europe is hugely varied and complex, and gives rise to the wide variety of landscapes found across the continent, from the Scottish Highlands to the rolling plains of Hungary. [197] Between 2004 and 2013, more Central and Eastern European countries began joining, expanding the EU to 28 European countries, and once more making Europe a major economical and political centre of power. ", The Columbia Gazetteer of the World Online, Sovereign states and dependent territories, Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO), North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA), Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Russia (CUBKR), Sovereign states and dependencies of Europe, autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark, List of countries where Arabic is an official language, Lower Gangetic plains moist deciduous forests, Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows, Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine–oak forests, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Europe&oldid=985010730, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with dead external links from August 2016, Articles with dead external links from December 2016, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles lacking reliable references from April 2016, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Articles with disputed statements from October 2016, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2016, Articles containing Belarusian-language text, Articles containing Bosnian-language text, Articles containing Bulgarian-language text, Articles with text from the Uncoded languages collective, Articles containing Macedonian-language text, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles containing Serbian-language text, Articles containing Ukrainian-language text, Articles lacking reliable references from January 2020, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TDVİA identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 23 October 2020, at 12:34. Most of Europe is in a mode of Sub-replacement fertility, which means that each new(-born) generation is being less populous than the older. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2020 worldatlas.com. During this forty-year period, two popes—one in Avignon and one in Rome—claimed rulership over the Church. Europe lies mainly in the temperate climate zones, being subjected to prevailing westerlies. 28 countries of Europe are members of the European Union (EU). [144][145] Napoleonic rule resulted in the further dissemination of the ideals of the French Revolution, including that of the nation-state, as well as the widespread adoption of the French models of administration, law, and education. Major shallow water bodies submerging parts of the northern plains are the Celtic Sea, the North Sea, the Baltic Sea complex and Barents Sea. [52][53], The European Bronze Age began c. 3200 BC in Greece with the Minoan civilisation on Crete, the first advanced civilisation in Europe.
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